Physical Capabilities of FLOEFD

Governing Equations

The Navier-Stokes Equations for Laminar and Turbulent Fluid Flows

Laminar/turbulent Boundary Layer Model

Mass Transfer in Fluid Mixtures

Constitutive Laws and Thermophysical Properties

Real Gases

Compressible Liquids

Non-Newtonian Liquids

Water vapor condensation and relative humidity

Cavitation

Equilibrium cavitation model (for pre-defined water only)

Isothermal cavitation model (for user-defined liquids only)

Conjugate Heat Transfer

Joule Heating by Electric Current in Solids

Radiation Heat Transfer Between Solids

Environment and Solar Radiation

Discrete Transfer

The Discrete Transfer Equations

Clustering and Ray Tracing

Exchange Factor Calculation

Discrete Ordinates

The Discrete Ordinates Method

Absorption and Transmission

Reflection

Radiation Spectrum

Radiative Surface and Radiation Source Types

Radiative Surfaces

Radiation Sources

Simultaneous Use of Radiative Surface and Radiation Source Conditions

Viewing Results

Rotation

Global Rotating Reference Frame

Local rotating region(s) (Averaging)

Local rotating region(s) (Sliding)

Flows in Porous Media

General Approach

Perforated Plates in Boundary Conditions

Two-phase (fluid + particles) Flows

Lagrangian Approach for the Post-Processor Simulation

Free Surface

HVAC

Tracer Study

Local Mean Age

Comfort Parameters

Boundary Conditions and Engineering Devices

Internal Flow Boundary Conditions

External Flow Boundary Conditions

Wall Boundary Conditions

Periodic Boundary Conditions

Heat Pipes

Thermal Joints

Two-resistor Components

Printed Circuit Boards

Thermoelectric Coolers

Numerical Solution Technique

Computational Domain

Computational Mesh

Two-Scales Wall Functions Model

Spatial Approximations

Spatial Approximations at the Solid/Fluid Interface

Temporal Approximations

Form of the Numerical Algorithm

Methods to Resolve Linear Algebraic Systems

Iterative Methods for Non-Symmetric Problems

Iterative Methods for Symmetric Problems

Multigrid Method

Nested Iterations

Criterion of mass equation convergence

Criterion of energy equation convergence

Criterion of momentum equation convergence

Notes on the residuals behavior

Mesh Settings

Introduction

Types of Cells

Mesh Construction Stages

Basic Mesh

Control Planes

Contracting the Basic Mesh

Mesh Refinement

Refining Cells by Type

Advanced Refinement at Interfaces Between Substances

Small Solid Features Refinement

Curvature Refinement

Small Solid Feature Refinement Level or Curvature Level

Tolerance Refinement

Channel Refinement

Thin walls resolution

Automatic Mesh Setting

Minimum Gap Size and Minimum Wall Thickness

Level of Initial Mesh

Advanced channel refinement

Local Mesh Settings

Recommendations for Creating the Computational Mesh

Solution-vs.-Mesh Convergence Investigation

Calculation Control Options

Finishing the Calculation

Manual Time Step

Refinement of the Computational Mesh During Calculation

Flow Freezing

What is Flow Freezing?

How It Works

Flow Freezing in a Permanent Mode

Flow Freezing in a Periodic Mode

Radiation Freezing

Radiation Freezing in a Periodic Mode

Radiation Freezing in an Automatic Mode

References